An intrauterine device (IUD) is a tiny, t-shaped contraceptive device that is inserted inside the uterus by your healthcare provider and used to prevent pregnancy and heavy bleeding that may occur during your period. Once the IUD is inserted, the cervix keeps it in place and you typically cannot feel it. The IUD can be removed at any time by your healthcare provider, and once removed, your ability to get pregnant should go back to normal. It is important to note that IUDs do not protect against sexually transmitted diseases.
There are two types of IUDs: copper and hormonal. The IUDs that we offer within our office include:
- Mirena®
- ParaGard®
- Liletta®
- Kyleena®
- Skyla®
ParaGard® is a copper IUD, while Mirena®, Liletta®, Kyleena® and Skyla® are hormonal IUDs that use progestin.
How do IUDs Work?
Both the copper and hormonal IUDs work by making it difficult for sperm to reach your egg. ParaGard® causes inflammation in the lining of your uterus, which is toxic to sperm and eggs. It also makes your uterus hostile to implantation if fertilization occurs. ParaGard® works for up to 10 years after insertion.
To prevent pregnancy, Mirena® thins the lining of your uterus and thicken the mucus in the cervix to prevent the transport of sperm into your fallopian tubes where fertilization must occur.
Mirena® can last for up to five years after insertion. Liletta®, Kyleena® and Skyla® are smaller IUDs and contain a lower dose of progestin. Both types of hormonal IUDs thin your uterus lining and can last up to three years. These tend to make your period lighter and may be a good option if you have heavy periods.
What are the Benefits of an IUD?
- Effectiveness
- Longevity
- Convenience (IUDs don’t require preparation before sex or the daily task of taking a birth control pill)
- Can be used while breastfeeding
- Quickly reversible if you decide to try to get pregnant
- Inexpensive; after the initial cost of insertion, there are no more costs for 3 to 10 years
Mirena®, Liletta®, Kyleena® and Skyla® can also help to relieve:
- Menstrual pain
- Heavy periods
- Pain from endometriosis